2018年云南省外卖餐饮的微生物污染状况调查
目的 了解云南省外卖食品的微生物污染情况。方法 2018年从云南省8个地州市, 以随机采样的方式, 在饭店/酒店、快餐店、小吃店、便利店/零售店、网店共采集176件外卖餐饮样品, 共计6类食品, 按照GB 4789《食品安全国家标准 食品微生物学检验》的相关方法对7项微生物指标进行检测。结果 176份样品中有98份卫生学指标检测结果不合格, 不合格率55.68%, 其中菌落总数不合格率为39.20%, 大肠埃希氏菌计数不合格率16.48%; 有11份食源性致病菌指标检测结果不合格, 不合格率为6.25%, 其中单增李斯特菌的检出率最高, 为3.41%, 沙门氏菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的检出率为1.14%, 蜡样芽胞杆菌不合格率为0.57%, 致泻大肠埃希氏菌未有检出; 8个地州市中以普洱市、文山州、红河州、版纳州卫生学指标不合格率高, 文山州与曲靖市的食源性致病菌指标不合格率高; 6类外卖餐饮中, 米面制品和中式凉拌菜不合格率最高; 流通环节样品食源性致病菌指标不合格率高(7.80%), 与服务环节样品(0.00%)存在显著性差异(P＜0.05); 第三季度采集的样品不合格率最高, 其次为第二季度; 5种采样地点类型中, 网店的食源性致病菌指标不合格率最高(7.91%), 与其他4种类型的不合格率(0.00%)有显著性差异(P＜0.05)。结论 云南省外卖餐饮整体卫生状况不容乐观, 有引发食物中毒的风险, 应引起食品安全监管部门的高度重视, 及时制定与完善外卖食品的相关安全标准, 加强外卖食品的监督检查和监测, 努力实现线上线下一体化多元监管。
Objective To understand the microbial contamination of take-away foods in Yunnan province. Methods In 2018, a total of 176 samples of takeaway food were randomly collected from restaurants, hotels, fast food restaurants, snack bars, convenience stores/retail shops and online stores in 8 prefectures in Yunnan province. 7 microbial indicators were tested according to the relevant method of GB 4789 Food Safety National Standard Food Microbiology Test. Results Among the 176 samples, 98 were unqualified, and the unqualified rate was 55.68%. The total unqualified rate of colonies was 39.20%, and the unqualified rate of Escherichia coli was 16.48%. Among the 176 samples, 11 detection results of food-borne pathogenic bacteria were unqualified, and the unqualified rate was 6.25%. The detection rate of Listeria monocytogenes was the highest 3.41%, and the detection rate of Salmonella and Staphylococcus aureus was 1.14%. The unqualified rate of Bacillus cereus was 0.57%, and the Escherichia coli caused by diarrhea was not detected. In the 8 prefectures, Pu’er city, Wenshan prefecture, Honghe prefecture and Banna prefecture had high unqualified hygiene indicators. The rate of unqualified food-borne pathogens in the state Wenshan and Qujing city was high, among the 6 types of take-away catering, the unqualified rate of rice noodles and Chinese salads was the highest; the rate of food-borne pathogens in the circulation samples was high (7.80%), there was a significant difference (P<0.05) from the service link sample (0.00%), the sample yield in the third quarter was the highest, followed by the second quarter, among the five sampling location types, the food source of the online store Sexual pathogens have the highest unqualified rate (7.91%), which was significantly different (P <0.05) from the other four types of non-conformity (0.00%). Conclusion The overall sanitary condition of take-out catering in Yunnan province is not optimistic, and there is a risk of food poisoning. It should be highly valued by the food safety supervision department, timely develop and improve the relevant safety standards for take-away foods, strengthen the supervision and inspection and monitoring of take-away foods, and strive to achieve online and offline integration of multiple supervision.
标题：2018年云南省外卖餐饮的微生物污染状况调查
英文标题：Investigation on microbial contamination status of takeaway catering in Yunnan province in 2018
作者：
国译丹 云南省疾病预防控制中心
范璐 云南省疾病预防控制中心
汤小召 云南省疾病预防控制中心
杨菁 云南省疾病预防控制中心
何玉凤 云南省疾病预防控制中心
田云屏 云南省疾病预防控制中心
中文关键词:外卖餐饮,微生物污染,调查,
英文关键词:take-away catering,microbial contamination,investigation,
发表日期：2019-08-22
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