培养条件及干燥方式对苦荞芽苗品质的影响
目的 探讨培养条件、干燥方式对苦荞芽苗品质的影响, 得到高黄酮、γ-氨基丁酸含量的苦荞芽苗粉。方法 通过苦荞芽苗培养研究了热激温度、热激时间、浸种时间、喷施钙离子(Ca2+)、紫外照射、热风干燥、冷冻干燥对苦荞萌发及芽苗黄酮、γ-氨基丁酸含量的影响。结果 适宜的热激、浸种处理均能促进芽苗发芽率和黄酮含量的升高, 适宜的条件为热激温度45 ℃, 热激时间10 min, 浸种时间4 h; 喷施Ca2+(1~5 mmol/L)可促进苦荞发芽, 对总黄酮的积累表现为低浓度促进(0~1 mmol/L)、高浓度抑制(2~5 mmol/L), 1 mmol/L为最佳喷施浓度; 紫外线照射对苦荞黄酮积累有一定促进作用, 从第4 d开始照射紫外线效果最好; 芽苗鲜样粉碎后再60 ℃热风干燥的苦荞芽苗粉中γ-氨基丁酸的含量最高; 冷冻干燥后粉碎的苦荞芽苗粉中总黄酮含量最高。结论 通过适宜的热激处理、浸种处理、喷施Ca2+、紫外照射可提高苦荞发芽率和总黄酮含量; 热风干燥可得到较高γ-氨基丁酸含量的苦荞芽苗粉, 而冷冻干燥可得到较高总黄酮含量的芽苗粉, 可根据对活性物质的需求不同选择不同的干燥方式。
Objective To investigate the effects of culture conditions and drying methods on the quality of tartary buckwheat sprouts and obtain high-flavonoid and γ-aminobutyric acid content of tartary buckwheat sprouts. Methods The effects of heat-shock temperature, heat-shock time, soaking time, calcium ion spraying(Ca2+), ultraviolet(UV) irradiation, hot air drying and freeze drying on the content of flavonoids and γ-aminobutyric acid in tartary buckwheat sprouts were studied. Results Heat-shock and seed soaking couldpromote the germination and increase of total flavonoids content in shoots. The suitable conditions were heat-shock temperature 45 ℃, heat-shock time 10 min and soaking time 4 h. Spraying Ca2+ (1~5 mmol/L) could promote the germination of tartary buckwheat, and the accumulation of total flavonoids was promoted by low concentration (0~1 mmol/L) and inhibited by high concentration (2~5 mmol/L), and 1 mmol/L was the best spraying concentration..UV irradiation could promote the accumulation of total flavonoids in tartary buckwheat, and the best effect was from the 4th day. The content of γ-aminobutyric acid in the buckwheat sprout powder after the fresh sprouts were crushed and dried by hot air at 60 ℃ was the highest. The total flavonoids content in the crushed buckwheat sprout powder was highest after freeze-drying. Conclusion The germination rate and total flavonoids content of tartary buckwheat sprouts could be increased by appropriate heat-shock treatment, seed soaking treatment, Ca2+ spraying and UV irradiation. The higher γ-aminobutyric acid content of tartary buckwheat sprouts powder can be obtained by hot air drying, and the higher total flavonoids content of tartary buckwheat sprouts powder can be obtained by freeze drying.Different drying methods can be selected according to different requirements for active substances.
标题：培养条件及干燥方式对苦荞芽苗品质的影响
英文标题：Effects of culture conditions and drying methods on the quality of tartary buckwheat sprouts
作者：
张绍智 云南省农业科学院农产品加工研究所
普红梅 云南省农业科学院农产品加工研究所
张静 云南省农业科学院农产品加工研究所
杨万林 云南省农业科学院质量标准与检测技术研究所
胡昕 云南省农业科学院农产品加工研究所
马菲菲 云南省农业科学院农产品加工研究所
杨芳 云南省农业科学院农产品加工研究所
中文关键词:苦荞芽苗,黄酮,γ-氨基丁酸,热激,浸种,钙离子,紫外照射,干燥,
英文关键词:tartary buckwheat sprouts,total flavonoids,γ-aminobutyric acid,heat-shock,seed soaking,calcium ion,ultraviolet irradiation,drying,
发表日期：2020-02-26
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