楚雄州常见食用菌重金属污染及安全评价
目的 调查楚雄州常见食用菌重金属含量水平, 评估食用菌中重金属污染程度及健康相关风险。方法 采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法和原子荧光光谱法对汞(Hg)、镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、砷(As)的含量进行测定。单因子污染指数法进行污染评价。结果 86份食用菌样品中重金属检出率为100.00%, 重金属总体超标率为44.19%, Hg超标率高于Cd、As、Pb (P<0.01); 同一种重金属在不同品种以及不同地区采集的食用菌样品中含量存在显著差异。食用菌样品质量评价为三级; 干食用菌和新鲜野生牛肝菌的食品安全指数(international food standard, IFS)大于1。结论 食用菌中的Hg、Cd、Pb、As等4种重金属污染现状不容乐观, 野生牛肝菌重金属污染程度和食品安全风险等级均较高, 对人体有一定的健康危害, 应高度关注并进行风险管理。
Objective To investigate the content of heavy metals and assess heavy metals contamination and health related risks of common edible fungi in Chuxiong. Methods The content of total mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), and arsenic (As) in edible fungi were determined by the atomic absorption spectrometry and atomic fluoresce spectrometry, and assessment of heavy metals contamination was made by single factor pollution index. Results The detection rate of heavy metals was 100% in 86 edible fungi samples, the exceeding standard rate of heavy metals was 44.19%, and the exceeding standard rate of Hg was higher than that of Cd, As, and Pb (P<0.01). There were significant differences in the content of the same heavy metal in edible fungi in different species and different areas. The quality of edible fungi samples could be evaluated as grade three. The international food standard (IFS) of dried edible fungi and fresh wild boletus were both higher than 1. Conclusion The current situation of heavy metals contamination of Hg, Cd, Pb, and As in edible fungi cannot be ignored. The heavy metal contamination degree and food safety risk level of wild boletus are both high. Close attention should be paid to the risk management since there are definite health hazards to human body.
标题：楚雄州常见食用菌重金属污染及安全评价
英文标题：Analysis of heavy metals contamination and safety assessment of common edible fungi in Chuxiong
作者：
徐梅琼 楚雄州疾病预防控制中心
李存仙 楚雄州疾病预防控制中心
胡海梅 楚雄州疾病预防控制中心
段云权 楚雄州疾病预防控制中心
中文关键词:食用菌,重金属,污染,安全指数,评价,
英文关键词:edible fungi,heavy metal,contamination,safety index,assessment,
发表日期：2017-08-28
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