考虑柔性负荷和阶梯式碳交易的微电网鲁棒优化调度
摘要：针对低碳背景下微电网中可再生能源出力的不确定性以及碳排放问题，提出了一种考虑阶梯式碳交易机制同时柔性负荷参与调控的微电网两阶段鲁棒优化方法。在调度模型中引入阶梯式碳交易机制，限制系统的碳排放量；通过柔性负荷的调控作用弥补由于可再生能源出力波动造成的功率缺额，进一步减小了微电网的碳排放量和调度成本；模型中引入不确定参数调节系统的保守性，日前阶段基于预测数据并考虑系统日内可能遭受的最恶劣场景，制定预测数据下的日前调度方案，日内调控阶段则在日前调度方案的基础上进行二次优化，在最恶劣场景下给出系统的日内调控方案；模型利用嵌套C&CG算法对调度模型进行求解。算例仿真结果证明，鲁棒优化方法相较于确定性优化方法其总调度成本平均减少了3.1%；考虑阶梯式碳交易机制后，系统单日运行的碳排放量和总调度成本相较于未考虑碳交易机制时分别下降了17.7%和3.7%；考虑柔性负荷参与调度后，系统单日运行的碳排放量和总调度成本相较于未考虑柔性负荷时分别下降了26%和24.3%，验证了所提优化模型的有效性。
Abstract:In this paper, a two-stage robust optimization method is proposed to address the uncertainties in renewable energy output and carbon emissions in microgrids under the low-carbon back-ground. Our method is a two-phase robust optimal method incorporating both the step carbon trading mechanism and the flexible loads which participate in the regulation. A step carbon trading mechanism was introduced into the dispatch model to limit the carbon emissions of the system and compensate for the power shortage caused by the renewable energy output fluctuations through the regulation of flexible loads, further reducing the carbon emissions and dispatch costs of the microgrid. In addition, the uncertain parameter was incorporated into the model to adjust the conservativeness of the system. In the day-ahead stage, a scheduling plan was formulated based on the forecast data and worst scenarios that the system may suffer from within a day. In the intra-day stage, the sub-optimization was provided based on the day-ahead scheduling plan; an intra-day control scheme of the system was further presented for worst-case scenario. The scheduling model was solved using the nested C&CG algorithm. The simulation results of the example demonstrate that, on average, the total dispatch cost of the robust optimization method was reduced by 3.1% compared with that of the deterministic optimization method. The inclusion of the carbon trading mechanism resulted in a 17.7% reduction in carbon emissions and a 3.7% decrease in the total operating cost of the system in a single day. With the consideration of the flexible loads which participate in the dispatch, the carbon emissions and total dispatch cost of the system in a single day operation were reduced by 26% and 24.3%, respectively, compared to those without flexible loads. The effectiveness of the optimization model proposed in this paper is thus verified.
标题：考虑柔性负荷和阶梯式碳交易的微电网鲁棒优化调度
英文标题：Robust Optimal Dispatch of Microgrid Considering Flexible Loads and Step Carbon Trading
作者：马跃, 孟润泉, 李婷婷,
关键词：阶梯式碳交易机制, 柔性负荷, 两阶段鲁棒优化, 微电网, 优化调度,
发表日期：2024-04-10
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