小荷载岩石结构面应力效应直剪仪研制及试验对比分析
摘要:常规岩石结构面直剪仪为了达到较大的加载力大多采用液压加载，但由于液压加载力较大以及液压在试验中难以保持较小法向应力的恒定，导致仪器对小荷载岩石结构面直剪试验的精度降低，从而对研究岩石结构面应力效应变化规律有一定不利的影响。基于仪器原理一致性和测试结果可靠性等主要因素，采用机械式杠杆加压原理研制了小荷载岩石结构面直剪仪，新研制直剪仪主要由平台、加载系统、变形测量系统及图像实时显示系统等主要部件组成，不但体积小、经济性好、操作方便、绿色环保、而且周期短及试验精确度高。从仪器设计原理、剪切性能和试验周期等方面对新研制直剪仪和常规直剪仪进行对比分析，并将试验结果与颗粒流数值模拟作比较进行可靠性评价。研究结果表明：新研制直剪仪对小荷载岩石结构面直剪试验有更高的精度；法向应力采用机械式杠杆加压原理，能动态维持法向压力恒定，保证结构面直剪试验数据的可靠性和稳定性；新研制直剪仪较常规直剪仪可缩短试验周期85%左右。
Abstract:Due to large hydraulic loading force and the difficulty of keep normal stress constant,there are many defects in conventional direct shear apparatus,such as the inadequacy of small load rock joint and low accuracy of shear strength results.Based on consistency of principle of instrument and reliability of test result,a stress effect direct shear apparatus of small load rock joint has been developed by the principle of mechanical lever.The newly developed direct shear apparatus were mainly composed of platform,loading system,distortion measuring system,real-time image displaying system and so on.It is not only simple in structure and convenient in operation,but also low in cost and high precision.The small load direct shear apparatus was compared and analyzed in the principle of instrument,test period and result of direct shear test.In order to verify the reliability of the direct shear apparatus,the results of direct shear test were compared with the result of PFC.The main results of study are as follows:The small load direct shear apparatus has higher accuracy for small load rock joint.The principle of mechanical lever was applied to the direct shear apparatus to keep normal stress constant,which can ensure the reliability and stability of rock joint shear strength.Compared with the conventional direct shear apparatus,the small load direct shear apparatus can shorten the test period of about 85%.
中文标题：
小荷载岩石结构面应力效应直剪仪研制及试验对比分析
Development and Experimental Comparative Analysis of the Stress Effect Direct Shear Apparatus for Small Load Rock Joint
作者：
李超,曹小峰,晏俊
Li Chao,Cao Xiaofeng,Yan Jun
作者简介:李超,男,1990年生,汉族,江苏宿迁人,2017年毕业于浙江科技学院岩土工程专业,硕士研究生,主要从事岩体结构面模型试验的研究工作。E-mail:lc0230@126.com
通讯地址：
江苏省建筑科学研究院有限公司岩土工程研究所, 江苏南京 210000
InstituteofGeotechnicalEngineering,JiangsuResearchInstituteofBuildingScienceCo.,Ltd,Nanjing210000,Jiangsu,China
中图分类号:TU458
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1007-2993.2018.06.001
出版物：岩土工程技术
收稿日期:2018-06-21
网络出版日期:2021-07-06
关键词:小荷载,岩石结构面,应力效应,直剪仪,直剪试验
Key words:small load,rock joint,stress effect,direct shear apparatus,direct shear test
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基金项目：
基金项目: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（41572299，41602308，41427802，41172292）
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