文档名:极性分子的结构异同性对接枝改性交联聚乙烯材料直流电性能的影响
摘要:为改善高压直流电缆运行过程中绝缘层材料的电导率对温度与电场强度敏感性所导致的电场反转问题,以及直流高压长时间作用下的空间电荷积聚现象,该文采用极性基团接枝改性的方式提升交联聚乙烯(XLPE)材料的直流电性能.由于接枝单体一般为沸点较低的极性小分子化合物,为避免材料在接枝过程中单体的气化损失,首先通过平行双螺杆挤出机配合低温高压计量泵装置实现熔融接枝反应.将丙烯酸酯类小分子化合物(丙烯酸甲酯(MA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA))分别预先接枝到低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)大分子链上制备接枝材料,通过红外光谱测试分析得出接枝单体皆成功接枝到LDPE大分子链上,熔融指数与凝胶含量测定表明材料的流变性能并未发生显著改变,X射线衍射测试与扫描电子显微镜观测发现接枝改性材料的结晶特性保持与基础树脂相似.进一步对三种接枝母料按一定比例稀释并完成交联过程,通过变温直流电导测试发现三种接枝改性材料的电导率-温度敏感性均出现不同程度的下降,综合高温空间电荷测试可以得出,接枝MA的XLPE材料电导率-温度敏感性下降幅度最大、空间电荷分布特性优异;结合第一性原理仿真计算可以进一步得到,三种接枝单体改性XLPE模型的陷阱能级较为一致,其直流电性能的改善效果与接枝单体的静电势分布存在显著关联.
Abstract:Cross-linkedpolyethylene(XLPE)materialsarelimitedintheirapplicationasinsulationmaterialsforhigh-voltagedirectcurrentcables,duetoissuesofthetemperatureandfield-dependentconductivity,aswellasproblemswithspacechargeinjectionandaccumulation.Generally,graft-modifiedXLPEcansignificantlyimprovethespacechargedistributioncharacteristicsandreducetheDCconductivity.However,thedifficultyliesinthemicro-dopingandlow-gasificationtemperatureofsmallmoleculegraftingmonomers,whichaffectsthedifficultyofthemeltinggraftingprocess.Additionally,thepre-graftedlow-densitypolyethylene(LDPE)materialsisseverelyaffectedbytheinitiationoffreeradicalsduringthepreparationprocess,whichaffectsthegraftingrateandrheologicalpropertiesofthematerials.Atthesametime,theimprovementoftheDCelectricalperformanceofpre-graftedandcross-linkedXLPEmaterialsstillneedsfurtherexploration.Therefore,thispaperproposesthepreparationofgraft-modifiedmaterialsusingalow-temperaturehigh-pressuremeteringpumpinconjunctionwithaparallelco-rotatingtwin-screwextruder,thenevaluatesthegraftingrate,rheologicalproperties,andcrystallizationcharacteristicsofthematerials.Thepre-graftingmaterialsisthendilutedtothesamegraftingcontenttopreparegraft-modifiedXLPEmaterials.ThroughtestsonDCconductivityandspacechargedistribution,combinedwithfirst-principlescalculations,theeffectofpre-graftedXLPEmaterialsonDCimprovementisexplored,aswellastheinfluenceofgraftingmonomerstructuraldifferencesonthematerials.First,acrylatesmallmoleculecompounds(methylacrylate(MA),butylacrylate(BA),methylmethacrylate(MMA))werepreparedtograftLDPEmaterials.Basedontheanalysisofinfraredspectroscopyandmeltflowratetest,thecharacteristicabsorptionpeakofcarbonylgroup(C=O)appearedatwavenumber1740cm-1,indicatingthesuccessfulgraftingofsmallmoleculesontotheLDPEmacromolecularchains.Thegraftingmasterbatchpreparedwith0.2phrperoxideinitiator,dicumylperoxide(DCP),showedahighgraftingrateandacceptablemeltflowrate.ComparedtoMMAmonomercontainingeasilybreakablebondsandmethylgroupswithsterichindrance,MAandBAgraftingmodifiedXLPEmaterialsexhibitedahighergraftingrate.ThegraftingmasterbatchandLDPEmaterialhadsimilarcrystallinity,withspherulitesizeofabout3.8~3.9μm.Further,thethreedifferentgraftedmaterialsweredilutedinspecificproportionsandsubjectedtothecross-linkingprocess.Itwasfoundinthetemperature-dependentDCconductivitytestthatXLPE-g-MAexhibitedthelargestdecreaseinconductivity-temperaturesensitivity.Underpolarizationvoltageof40kV/mmat80℃,XLPE-g-MAdemonstratedexcellentcharacteristicsinthespatialchargedistribution.Combinedwiththefirst-principlessimulationcalculation,itcanbefurtherobtainedthatthetrapenergylevelsofthethreegraftedmodifiedXLPEmodelsarerelativelyconsistent,andtheimprovementeffectoftheDCperformanceissignificantlyrelatedtotheelectrostaticpotentialdistributionofthegraftedmonomer.Insummary,XLPE-g-MAexhibitedexcellentDCelectricalperformanceandishighlypromisingasaninsulationmaterialforHVDCcables.
作者:王凯 赵新东 郑海峰 杨旭 邵满志 赵洪 王暄 Author:WangKai ZhaoXindong ZhengHaifeng YangXu ShaoManzhi ZhaoHong WangXuan
作者单位:工程电介质及其应用技术教育部重点实验室(哈尔滨理工大学)哈尔滨150080哈尔滨哈普电气技术有限责任公司哈尔滨150040
刊名:电工技术学报
Journal:TransactionsofChinaElectrotechnicalSociety
年,卷(期):2024, 39(1)
分类号:TM215.1
关键词:交联聚乙烯 接枝改性 丙烯酸酯 电导率-温度敏感性 静电势分布
Keywords:Cross-linkedpolyethylene graftingmodification acrylate conductivity-temperaturesensitivity electrostaticpotentialdistribution
机标分类号:TM7TM215.1O6-39
在线出版日期:2024年1月18日
基金项目:国家自然科学基金极性分子的结构异同性对接枝改性交联聚乙烯材料直流电性能的影响[
期刊论文] 电工技术学报--2024, 39(1)王凯 赵新东 郑海峰 杨旭 邵满志 赵洪 王暄为改善高压直流电缆运行过程中绝缘层材料的电导率对温度与电场强度敏感性所导致的电场反转问题,以及直流高压长时间作用下的空间电荷积聚现象,该文采用极性基团接枝改性的方式提升交联聚乙烯(XLPE)材料的直流电性能.由...参考文献和引证文献
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极性分子的结构异同性对接枝改性交联聚乙烯材料直流电性能的影响 Influence of the Structural Similarities of Polar Molecules on DC Properties of Grafted Modified Cross-Linked Polyethylene Materials
极性分子的结构异同性对接枝改性交联聚乙烯材料直流电性能的影响.pdf
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