文档名：静电纺丝技术在锂离子电池负极材料中的研究进展
摘要：静电纺丝技术具有制造装置简单、成本低等特点,采用该法能够方便制备具有纳米结构的碳纳米纤维,并且还可以负载金属氧化物、金属硫化物等活性物质用作锂离子电池的负极材料.本文首先简要综述了静电纺丝技术的原理和影响参数,然后系统介绍了锂离子电池碳纳米纤维及其复合纤维的静电纺丝方法、结构特征和电化学性能,包括单质、金属氧化物、多元氧化物以及金属硫化物等常见的静电纺丝负极电极材料优缺点以及研究方法,最后介绍了静电纺丝技术制备负极材料面临的挑战和未来的发展.
Abstract：Lithium-ionbatteriesareconsideredasoneofthemostpromisingenergystoragedevicesinthefieldofrenewableenergyduetotheirhighenergydensity,lowweightdensity,longcyclelife,andlackofmemoryeffect.Thecommonlyusedpowderelectrodeincommerciallithium-ionbatterieshassomeissuessuchasapoorrateperformanceandasignificantvolumeexpansion,leadingtoapoorbatterycyclestability.Thedevelopmentoffibermaterialswithadvancednanostructuresisacrucialapproachtoaddressthesechallenges.Nanofibersofferuniqueadvantagesincludinghighspecificsurfacearea,excellentmechanicalstrength,andgoodflexibility.Whenutilizinganegativeelectrodematerialforlithium-ionbatteries,nanofiberelectrodescanaccommodatelargevolumechangesandprovideaninterconnectedconductivepathduringbatterycycles.Variousanodematerialswithacarbonnanofiberstructurecanbepreparedbyanelectrospinningtechnology.Carbonnanofibershaveattractedmuchattentionduetotheirspecialnanostructure,outstandingmechanicalproperties,largespecificsurfaceareaattheelectrode-electrolyteinterface,shortiontransportlength,andefficientlongitudinalelectrontransport.Inaddition,avarietyoflithium-ionbatteryanodematerialscanbeencapsulatedincarbonnanofibers,andspecialstructuressuchasporous,hollow,andcore-shellcanbeformedviasimplychangingtheparametersofelectrospinningorcontrollingtheshapeofthefibersduringannealing.Thisspecialstructurehasalargespecificsurfaceareaandenoughgapspace,whichcanwithstandthevolumechangeduringthelithiumionembeddingprocess,andhasalargesurfacearea.Itcanalsoprovideamoreopenchannelfortherapidmigrationofionsandelectrons,therebyimprovingelectrochemicalperformanceandmeetingthegrowingdemandforlithium-ionbatteries.Theelectrospinningtechnologybecomesthemainmethodtopreparevariousnanofiberstructuresoflithiumionbatteries.Inthisreview,thespinningprincipleofcarbonnanofibersanditsinfluencingfactorswereintroduced.Andcarbonnanofiberspreparedbyelectrospinningweredescribedasalithiumstoragemechanismforlithium-ionbatteries.Also,carbonnanofiberanodematerialsforlithium-ionbatteriespreparedbyelectrospinningwererecommend.Theeffectsofelement,metaloxide,polyoxideandsulfideonthestructureandpropertiesofcarbonnanofibercompositeanodematerialsweredescribed.Elementssuchassiliconandtinpossessahightheoreticalenergydensityandalowworkingpotential.Unfortunately,theirpoorconductivityandcyclingperformancelimittheircommercialization.Dispersingsuchelementalnanoparticlesintocarbonnanofiberscaneffectivelyimprovecyclingperformance.Metaloxidescanserveaselectrodematerials,exhibitingoutstandingelectrochemicalpropertiessuchashighspecificcapacity,excellentcyclestability,andcost-effectiveness.Inaddition,metaloxidesalsohaveavarietyofoxidationstates,whichareflexibleintermsofmaterialdesign.However,metaloxideshavethedisadvantagesofahighworkingvoltageandapoorelectricalconductivity.Thecompositeoftwoormorekindsofmulti-metaloxideswithcarbonnanofiberscaneffectivelyreducetheworkingvoltageandimprovetheelectricalconductivity.Comparedwithmetaloxides,transitionmetalsulfidesusuallyhavehigherelectricalconductivity,theoreticalspecificcapacityandcyclingstability.Metalsulfidescanbeincorporatedintocarbonnanofiberstoconstructcarbonmetalsulfidematerials,whichcaneffectivelyimprovetheelectronicconductivity.SummaryandprospectsAlthoughtheapplicationofelectrospinningtechnologyaddresscertainissueswithlithium-ionbatteriesandasignificantnumberofcontrollablenegativeelectrodematerialsarereported,severalfactorsmustbetakenintoconsiderationwhendesigningthemoreoptimalstructurestomeetthemarketdemandforhigh-performancelithium-ionbatteries.Developingnanofiberswithadiameterlessthan50nmassmallernanofibermaterialscanprovideshorterdiffusionpathsandfasterlithiumionintercalationkinetics.Thepreparationofmicro-/nano-structuredcompositefibers,suchasusingmulti-nozzleelectrospinningtechnologytoachievecompositefiberswithcontrollablesizeandmorphology,introducingheteroatomsintonanofibers,thepresenceofheteroatomsonthecarbonsurfacecanimprovethereactionactivityandconductivity,therebyenhancingthestoragecapacityoflithiumions.Electrospinningflexiblebatteriescanbealsodeveloped.Forlithium-ionbatteryflexiblenegativematerials,flexiblenegativematerialshavehighporosityandinterconnectedopen-holestructures,whichcanimprovetheionicconductivityandmechanicalstrength,sotheycanbemoresuitableforelectrodematerialsusedinlithium-ionbatteries.Inaddition,electrospunnanofibermaterialscanbeappliedinenergyconversionandstoragedevicessuchasfuelcells,solarcells,lithium-ionbatteries,andsupercapacitors.Thisreviewisofgreatsignificanceforthedevelopmentoftheseenergystoragedevicesandalsopavesawayforadvancedbatterysystemssuchaslithiumsulfurbatteries,sodium-ionbatteries,andlithium-airbatterie.Itisindicatedthathigh-performanceelectrospinningtechnologycouldbeappliedinhigh-performanceadvancedbatterysystemsinthenearfuture.
作者：沈丁 赵世宇 付晓帆 于浩然 吉彦臻 董伟Author：SHENDing ZHAOShiyu FUXiaofan YUHaoran JIYanzhen DONGWei
作者单位：辽宁工程技术大学材料科学与工程学院,辽宁阜新123000
刊名：硅酸盐学报 ISTICEIPKU
Journal：JournaloftheChineseCeramicSociety
年，卷(期)：2024, 52(7)
分类号：TB321
关键词：静电纺丝 锂离子电池 负极材料 碳纳米纤维
Keywords：electrospinning lithium-ionbatteries negativematerials carbonnanofibers
机标分类号：TM912.9TM242:TM205.1O646
在线出版日期：2024年7月24日
基金项目：国家自然科学基金，国家自然科学基金，国家自然科学基金，中国博士后科学基金资助项目，辽宁工程技术大学学科创新团队静电纺丝技术在锂离子电池负极材料中的研究进展[
期刊论文] 硅酸盐学报--2024, 52(7)沈丁 赵世宇 付晓帆 于浩然 吉彦臻 董伟静电纺丝技术具有制造装置简单、成本低等特点,采用该法能够方便制备具有纳米结构的碳纳米纤维,并且还可以负载金属氧化物、金属硫化物等活性物质用作锂离子电池的负极材料.本文首先简要综述了静电纺丝技术的原理和影响参...参考文献和引证文献
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静电纺丝技术在锂离子电池负极材料中的研究进展 Research Progress on Electrospinning Technology in Negative Electrode Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries
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