文档名：抗战时期高等工程教育职能探析——以西北联合大学为例
摘要：在抗战时期,高等工程教育因其重视实践性和解决实际工程问题的能力而备受关注.尽管条件艰苦,但高等工程教育依然坚持办学,并实现了稳步发展,充分展现了特殊时期大学的职能.以西北联合大学为范例,该校将人才培养视为首要任务,结合抗战需求和西北地区的实际情况,灵活调整课程与教学方式,旨在培养出适应特殊时期的专门人才.同时,西北联大坚持进行科学研究,成立工科研究机构,举办工程讲座,组织对西北资源的调查,并深入开展工程学术研究.此外,学校还积极参与服务西北社会的发展,设立工程推广部门,鼓励师生在西北工程领域发挥作用,并与地方积极开展工程合作.联大师生自觉肩负起"抗战建国"的重任,不仅优化了西部地区的工程教育布局,还提升了工程学科对国家发展的贡献能力,同时也提高了公众对工程学科的认识.抗战时期的工程教育在规模上远超战前,其强调实用性的教育理念推动了工程教育的本土化,促进了地域间工程教育的均衡发展.
Abstract：Engineeringcapabilityisofstrategicsignificancetothevictoryordefeatofawar,sothewarputsforwardthedemandforthetrainingofengineeringtalents.ThehigherengineeringeducationduringtheWarofResistancewaspaidspecialattentionbecauseofitsstrongpracticalityandemphasisonsolvingpracticalengineeringproblems.Underdifficultconditions,itstillinsistedonrunningschoolswiththescaleexpandingandthelevelimprovingcontinuously,whichinterpretedthefunctionsofuniversitiesinthespecialperiod.TakingNorthwestUnionUniversityasanexample,althoughintheflamesoftheWarofResistance,ittooktheinitiativetoundertakethespecialfunctionsofadaptingtotheneedsoftheWarofResistanceanddevelopingandbuildingNorthwestChinawhileplayedthefunctionsoftraditionaluniversitiesinpersonneltraining,scientificresearchandsocialservice.TocultivatespecialtalentsneededbytheWarofResistance,thecurriculumandteachingmethodswereadjustedfortalenttraining,byaddingsubjectsrelatedtonationaldefense.Forexample,weaponsandtelecommunicationsengineeringmajorswereaddedtomechanicaldisciplinestoteachmilitarytelecommunicationsandthecompositionanduseofpowergrids.Besides,theuniversityadheredtoscientificresearch,byestablishingengineeringresearchorganizations,offeringengineeringlectures,organizingresourcesurveysinNorthwestChina,andcarryingoutengineeringacademicresearch.Furthermore,itactivelyservedthesocialdevelopmentofNorthwestChina,byestablishingtheEngineeringPromotionDepartment,allowingteachersandstudentstoworkinthefieldofNorthwestEngineering,andactivelycooperatingwithlocalgovernmentsinengineering.HigherEngineeringEducationintheWarofResistancetooktheinitiativetoundertakethespecialfunctionsoffoundingacountryduringtheWarofResistance.DuetotheWarofResistance,therationallayoutofhighereducationresourcesacrossthecountrywererealized,enablingNorthwestChinawhichoriginallyhadnohigherengineeringeducationtoestablishanengineeringeducationsystemwithmanyprofessionalcategoriesandcompleteschool-runninglevels.AftertheWarofResistance,someteachersandstudentsstayedinNorthwestChinatocontinuerunningschoolsandcontributetotheconstructionofNorthwestChina.ThecapabilityofengineeringdisciplinestoservethedevelopmentofthecountrywasimprovedbyaddingcoursestanningandtelecommunicationstocultivatepracticaltalentsneededbytheWarofResistance,payingattentiontotheteachingofpracticalknowledgeonthebattlefieldandimprovingpracticalability.Asaresult,peoplefromallwalksoflifealsohadanewunderstandingofengineeringdisciplines.TheWarofResistancemadethesocietyformanatmosphereofattachingimportancetopracticalsubjects.Parentsencouragedyoungstudentstoapplyforengineeringsubjects,andstudentswerealsoproudofapplyingforengineeringsubjectswhencommunicating.Also,thedevelopmentofengineeringdisciplineswaspromotedbyactivelyimplementingmeasuressuchastheloanbursarysystemandthetreatmentofpublic-fundedstudentsforengineeringdisciplines.HigherEngineeringEducationintheWarofResistancetheinitiativetocombinenationalinterestswiththefateofteachersandstudents,shoulderedtheimportanttaskofdevelopingNorthwestChinaandservingtheWarofResistance,tooknationalinterestsasthespiritualmotivationforrunningschools,tookthedevelopmentofNorthwestChinaasitsownresponsibility,gavefullplaytotheadvantagesofengineeringdisciplines,solvedpracticalproblemsinthefieldofengineering,andansweredtheepochpropositionof"educationisthebasisofnationalrejuvenation"fromadeeplevel.
作者：陈印政Author：ChenYinzheng
作者单位：天津大学大学文化与校史研究所,天津300072
刊名：工程研究-跨学科视野中的工程
Journal：JournalofEngineeringStudies
年，卷(期)：2024, 16(3)
分类号：N91
关键词：西北联合大学 高等工程教育 抗战建国 大学职能
Keywords：NorthwestUnionUniversity higherengineeringeducation nationalinterests functionsofuniversity
机标分类号：G252G40G64
在线出版日期：2024年6月21日
基金项目：国家社会科学基金抗战时期高等工程教育职能探析——以西北联合大学为例[
期刊论文] 工程研究-跨学科视野中的工程--2024, 16(3)陈印政在抗战时期,高等工程教育因其重视实践性和解决实际工程问题的能力而备受关注.尽管条件艰苦,但高等工程教育依然坚持办学,并实现了稳步发展,充分展现了特殊时期大学的职能.以西北联合大学为范例,该校将人才培养视为首要...参考文献和引证文献
参考文献
引证文献
本文读者也读过
相似文献
相关博文
抗战时期高等工程教育职能探析——以西北联合大学为例 Analysis on Functions of Higher Engineering Education in the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression:Taking Northwest Union University as an Example
抗战时期高等工程教育职能探析——以西北联合大学为例.pdf
- 文件大小:
- 1.71 MB
- 下载次数:
- 60
-
高速下载
|
|
