文档名：螺栓设计参数对连接状态的影响及轴向力可视化方法研究
摘要：螺栓结构的连接状态与轴向力密切相关,而轴向力受多因素的影响,在拧紧或者松动过程中不断变化且无法做到无传感器实时监测.首先,基于螺栓的外螺纹轮廓方程,建立了精细化的螺栓有限元模型.其次,基于此模型研究了螺纹接触面摩擦因数、牙型角、螺距对于螺栓预紧过程及松动过程的影响规律.最后,关联松动角度和轴向力,结合深度学习目标检测算法,将螺栓的轴向力信息可视化.研究结果表明:在拧紧和松动过程中,螺栓轴向力实现了可观和可控,同时螺栓在预紧相同角度的情况下,其轴向力随着螺距和牙型角的增大而增加;其预紧力矩随着螺纹接触面摩擦因数和螺距的增大而变大,但会随着牙型角的增大而变小.
Abstract：Theaxialforceoftheboltstructureiscloselyrelatedtoitsconnectionstate.However,theelasticinteractionandcrosstalkamongboltsintheserviceprocessaffecttheaxialforceofboltsbythecouplingofmulti-dimensionalandcross-scalevariablefactors,whicharechangingconstantlyduringthetighteningorlooseningprocessandcanhardlybemonitoredinreal-timewithoutsensors.Furthermore,conventionalboltedstructuresareingeneraldesignedaccordingtoengineeringexperience,withfrequentoccurencesofover-andunder-design.Toaddresstheseproblems,thispaperfirstlybuildsarefinedfiniteelementmodelbasedonthethreadprofileequationsofboltsandnuts,guaranteeingthereliabilityandaccuracyoftheanalysisresultsafterwards.Basedonthismodel,theinfluenceofvariationsinboltdesignparameters,suchasthefactoroffrictionofthethreadcontactsurface,toothangle,andpitchisinvestigatedonthepre-loadingandlooseningprocessesofthebolt.Ourstudyofthisfundamentalmechanismproblemenrichestheresearchonboltmatchingdesignmethodsforspecialequipmentandstrengthenstheforwarddesigncapabilityoffasteningsystems.Finally,theangleoflooseningandaxialforcearecorrelatedandcombinedwiththeYOLOv7deeplearningtargetdetectionalgorithmtovisualizethebolt'saxialforceinformation.Ourresultsshowtheaxialforceoftheboltrisesasthepitchandtoothangleincrease,assumingtheboltispre-loadedatthesameangle.Thepre-loadtorqueincreaseswiththefactoroffrictionofthethreadcontactsurfaceandpitch,butdecreaseswiththetoothanglebecausetheincreasedcontactareabetweenthethreadsreducesthepossibilityofrelativeslidingofthecontactsurfaces.Largerpitchesandfactorsoffrictionincreasetheconnectiontorque,reducetheriskofloosening,andimprovethestabilityoftheconnection.However,increasedassemblyforcesmayleadtoinstallationdifficultiesordamagetotheconnections.Additionally,contactsurfacesmayexperienceincreasedwearduringlong-termservice.Duringthelooseningofthebolt,thereisarapiddecreaseinaxialforce.Smallertoothangles,largerpitches,andlargerfactorsoffrictionofthethreadcontactsurfacesdelaytheendofthisphase.Evidently,areducedtoothanglecouldresultininadequatetighteningforcewithintheboltstructure.Moreover,thediminishedfrictionproducedbyasmallerthreadcontactareamayproveinsufficienttowithstandexternalloadsandvibrations,therebyincreasingthesusceptibilityofthebolttoloosening.Asthethreadpitchbecomeslarger,thephaseofrapiddecreaseinaxialforceisslightlydelayedandthedecreaseisgreater.Theselawsoffertheoreticalsupportfordesigningboltedstructures.Moreover,alessexpensivedigitizationplatformcapableofcorrelatingtheaxialforceofboltsisbuilt.Duringtheprocessoftighteningandloosening,theaxialforceoftheboltisbothvisualizedandcontrolled.Thisapproachcombinesvisionwiththepropertiesoftheboltsthemselves.Itvisualizestheaxialforcesandprovidesamoreaccurateanalyticmodelofthelooseningcharacteristicsoftheboltedstructure.Thebuildingofthedigitalplatformimprovesworkefficiency,reducesmaintenancecosts,andincreasesthereliabilityandsafetyoftheentiresystem.
作者：周洋 伊鸿振 王瀚Author：ZHOUYang YIHongzhen WANGHan
作者单位：郑州大学机械与动力工程学院,郑州450001
刊名：重庆理工大学学报 PKU
Journal：JournalofChongqingInstituteofTechnology
年，卷(期)：2024, 38(5)
分类号：U463.81
关键词：摩擦因数 牙型角 螺距 深度学习 轴向力
Keywords：factoroffriction includedangle pitch deeplearning axialforce
机标分类号：TP391.41U416.217TH117.1
在线出版日期：2024年5月24日
基金项目：河南省自然科学基金项目螺栓设计参数对连接状态的影响及轴向力可视化方法研究[
期刊论文] 重庆理工大学学报--2024, 38(5)周洋 伊鸿振 王瀚螺栓结构的连接状态与轴向力密切相关,而轴向力受多因素的影响,在拧紧或者松动过程中不断变化且无法做到无传感器实时监测.首先,基于螺栓的外螺纹轮廓方程,建立了精细化的螺栓有限元模型.其次,基于此模型研究了螺纹接触...参考文献和引证文献
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螺栓设计参数对连接状态的影响及轴向力可视化方法研究 Research on the influence of bolt design parameters on the connection state and the visualization method of axial force
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