文档名：中频真空电弧边缘击穿现象及仿真研究
摘要：为深入掌握航空变频(360～800Hz)电力系统中真空电器电弧特性,该文围绕中频灭弧室弧后发生的边缘击穿现象,以双温磁流体动力学仿真结合实验的研究方法,得到了以下结论:中频真空电弧离子数密度的最大值为2.6×1019m-3,离子温度的范围为0.30～0.91eV,电子温度的范围为1.50～2.43eV;电子与离子之间存在能量交换,电子温度的变化会引起离子温度的变化;最高离子温度出现在阳极触头边缘处,与实验发现的边缘击穿位置重合,证明了此处确实存在能量集中;中频真空电弧是超声速流体,速度在边界处减慢,根据动能热能互换原理,中频真空电弧的质量流运动规律是边缘击穿的本质原因.
Abstract：TheC919aircraftisatypicalmore-electricaircraftequippedwithanaviationvariablefrequencyACpowersystem(intermediatefrequency360～800Hz),whichisalsothelatestdevelopmentdirectionofpowersupplytechnologyforlargeaircraft.Intheprocessoflocalizationofcorecomponentsofmore-electricaircraft,thecurrenttechnicalbottleneckistheextinguishingofintermediatefrequencyandhighcurrentarcofsmallvolumeaviationelectricalapparatus.Theapplicationofvacuumswitchisexpectedtosolvetheproblemofarcextinguishingatintermediatefrequency.Atpresent,themainresearchmethodsofintermediafrequencyvacuumarcincludeexperimentalobservationandmodelingsimulation,amongwhichmodelingisaneffectivemethodtorevealthephysicalnatureofarcdischargeprocess.Firstly,inordertofacilitatetheacquisitionofarcimages,ashortcircuitexperimentwascarriedoutinthevacuumarcchamberwiththeshieldremoved.Theexperimentspacingwas3mm,thediameterofthecontactwas41mmand20mm,andthegaspressureinthearcextinguishingchamberwas5×10-4Pa.Short-circuitcurrentformingintermediatefrequencyvacuumarcwasgeneratedbyenergystoragecapacitorandinductor,withadjustablefrequencyof360～800Hzandmaximumpeakvalueof20kA.Theintermediatefrequencyvacuumarcgeneratingcircuitconsistsoftwobranches:oscillationandarcinitiation.Secondly,thedual-temperaturemagnetohydro-dynamic(MHD)modelofintermediatefrequencyvacuumarcwasestablished,whichisbasedonthefollowingassumptions:(1)Thearccolumnregionwascompletelyion-ized,containingonlyionsandelectrons,withouttheeffectofneutralparticles.(2)TheorderofmagnitudeforDebyelengthwas10-8m,andtheorderofmagnitudeforelectronmeanfreepathwas10-4m,andthegapofcontactwas3mm.Thus,theregionwasquasineutral,andtheintermediatefrequencyvacuumarccanbeequaledtoMHDfluid.(3)theorderofmagnitudeaveragecollisiontimeforelectronandionwas10-11sand10-9srespectively.Theorderofmagnitudeoftraveltimeforelectronandionwasof10-7sand10-6srespectively.ThehalfwavetimeofIFvacuumarcwas0.62～1.38ms,thus,thesolvingprocesscanbeconsideredasteadystateproblem.(4)Theelectronwasanidealgas,sothemassflow,inertialcomponentandviscouscomponentareallignored.(5)Theintermediatefrequencyvacuumarcplasmawasnotinlocalthermodynamicequilibriumstate,sotheiontemperatureandelectrontemperatureneedtobecalculatedseparately.(6)Thearccolumnregionwastakenassupersonicfluid,andboththeanodesheathandcathodespotsaretakenastheboundary.Thefollowingconclusionscanbedrawnfromtheexperimentandsimulationanalysis:(1)Accordingtotheexperiment,theedgebreakdownphenomenonoftheintermediatefrequencyvacuumarcisfound,andseriousablationisobservedattheedgeofthecontactofthevacuumarcchamber,whichreflectedthelocalweakpointintheinsulationstrengthatthepost-arcstage.(2)Accordingtothesimulationresultsofdual-temperatureMHDmodel,themaximumionnumberdensityofintermediatefrequencyvacuumarcis2.6×1019m-3,andtheiontemperaturerangeis0.30～0.91eV,andtheelectrontemperaturerangeis1.50～2.43eV.Theabovedataisconsistentwiththeorderofmagnitudeofvacuumarcmicroscopicparametersobtainedbyotherscholars,indicatingthatthecalculationresultsofthemodelinthispaperarecorrect.(3)Accordingtothesimulationresults,thereasonfortheincreaseofelectrontemperatureisJouleheat.Becauseoftheenergyexchangebetweenelectronsandions,thechangeofelectrontemperaturewillcausethechangeofiontemperature.Thehighestiontemperatureisfoundattheedgeoftheanodecontact,whichcoincidedwiththeexperimentaledgebreakdownposition,indicatingthatenergyconcentrationexistshere.(4)Accordingtothesimulationresults,theintermediatefrequencyvacuumarcissupersonicflow,thevelocitychangeslittleinthearccolumnarea,andthevelocityslowsdownattheboundary.Accordingtothefluidenergyconversiontheory,theheatenergyinlow-speedregionishigh,whichindicatesthatthemassflowoftheintermediatefrequencyvacuumarcplasmaistheessentialcauseoftheedgebreakdown.
作者：蒋原 马速良 武建文 李擎 朱立颖 Author：JiangYuan MaSuliang WuJianwen LiQing ZhuLiying
作者单位：工业过程知识自动化教育部重点实验室(北京科技大学自动化学院)北京100083北方工业大学储能技术工程研究中心北京100144北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院北京100083北京空间飞行器总体设计部北京100194
刊名：电工技术学报
Journal：TransactionsofChinaElectrotechnicalSociety
年，卷(期)：2024, 39(9)
分类号：TM561
关键词：航空变频电源 中频真空电弧 弧后击穿 边缘击穿 双温磁流体动力学模型
Keywords：Aviationvariablefrequencypowersupply intermediatefrequencyvacuumarc post-arcbreakdown edgebreakdown two-temperaturemagnetohydro-dynamicmodel
机标分类号：TM561O53O437
在线出版日期：2024年5月13日
基金项目：国家自然科学基金，广东省基础与应用基础研究基金项目，航空科学基金中频真空电弧边缘击穿现象及仿真研究[
期刊论文] 电工技术学报--2024, 39(9)蒋原 马速良 武建文 李擎 朱立颖为深入掌握航空变频(360～800Hz)电力系统中真空电器电弧特性,该文围绕中频灭弧室弧后发生的边缘击穿现象,以双温磁流体动力学仿真结合实验的研究方法,得到了以下结论:中频真空电弧离子数密度的最大值为2.6×1019m-3,离...参考文献和引证文献
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