文档摘要：气体间隙开关重复触发动作导致其触发腔的机械性能、电气性能降低,在配电网快速控制与保护应用场景中的影响或将更加显著,亟须开展触发腔性能劣化及其寿命预测研究,为此搭建了气体间隙开关触发放电研究平台.研究结果表明,随着触发放电次数的累积,触发腔针电极处内径、喷口直径与内壁表面粗糙度均逐渐增大,喷口内壁出现凹坑、凸起点,针电极处的烧蚀孔洞由"点—线—面"发展,引起气体开关触通过程中的等离子体喷射特性参数(喷射高度、喷射直径、喷射面积)逐渐减小,触通时延、击穿时延均明显增大.在强绝缘、强电负性SF6触发环境中,计及放电烧蚀分解产物的电负性效应,致其喷射等离子体发展过程受到明显抑制,显著制约了触发寿命.选取喷射高度为预测因子,建立基于长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM)的气体开关剩余触发寿命预测模型,模型预测值与试验值间的方均根误差、平均绝对百分比误差分别低至0.063、0.055,剩余触发寿命预测误差在10％以内.研究结果可为气体开关运行稳定性及寿命预测提供参考.
Abstract：Themechanicalandelectricalperformanceofgasgapswitch'triggercavityinevitablydecreasescausedbyrepeatedtriggerdischarge,causingaseriousproblemoftriggerfailure.Inordertoachievestabletriggerconductionofthegasgapswitch,thestudyofthedegradationprocessofthegasswitchtriggerperformanceunderrepeatedtriggerdischargewascarriedoutbasedonthetriggerlifetimeresearchplatform,thetriggerconductionparametersstronglycorrelatedwiththedeteriorationprocessofthegasswitchtriggercavityperformancewereobtained.Ultimately,atriggerlifetimepredictionmodelofgasgapswitchbasedonlongshorttermmemory(LSTM)networkwasestablishedtopredicttheremainingtriggerlifetime.Fromtheexperimentalresults,itcanbeconcluded:(1)Attheearlystageoftriggerlifetime,theplasmajetheightisupto10.1mm,leadingtotheexcellenttriggerconductionperformanceofgasgapswitch,withbreakdowndelayandcontactdelayaslowas68μsand77μs.Undertheeffectofintenseablationalongthesurfacearccurrent,theinnerdiameteratpinelectrodeandthenozzlediameteroftriggercavityincreasesgradually,thepressuredifferencebetweentheinsideandoutsideofthetriggercavitynozzledecreases,leadingtoadecreaseintheplasmajetcharacteristicsparameters,weakeningthedistortioneffectofthebackgroundelectricfieldinthemaingap,resultingintheincreaseofthebreakdowndelay△t1andtriggerdelay△t2.Within500～800triggerdischargetimes,pre-breakdowneffectoccursobviouslyduringthetriggerconductionprocessofgasgapswitch,leadingtothebreakdowndelayandtriggerdelaydispersenotablywiththefluctuationvalueupto30μs.Attheendoftriggerlifetime,thejetheightisaslowas5.5mm,whichcannotmeettheneedsforstabletriggerconductionofgasgapswitch,causingthetriggerfailureofgasgapswitchwithatriggerlifetimeofupto1200times.(2)Underrepeatedtriggerdischarge,theablationholesappearontheinnerwalloftriggercavityatpinelectrodeanddevelopfrompointandlinetoplane,thecarbonizationproductsontheinnerwalloftriggercavityatnozzleaccumulatetoformthepitsandbulges,suppressingthegenerationandaccumulationprocessofplasmainthetriggercavity.Furthermore,aftertheaccumulationeffectofhightemperaturearcablation,PTFEhasundergoneintenseelectrochemicalreaction,andthedecompositionproductsaremainlyCF4,C2F4,C2F6,C3F6andotherstrongelectronegativegases.InSF6triggerenvironmentwithasealedcavity,takingintoaccounttheelectronegativeeffectofdecompositionproductsproducedbydischargeablation,thedevelopmentprocessofplasmajetisobviouslyinhibitedandthetriggerlifetimeisrestricted.(3)BasedonGRAandPCC,consideringthecorrelationlawbetweenplasmajetcharacteristicparameters(jetheight,jetdiameterandjetarea),triggerdischargedelay(△t0,△t1,△t2)andthetriggerperformancedegradationofgasgapswitch,theplasmajetheightisusedasthepredictor.Firstly,thegasswitchtriggerlifetimepredictionmodelbasedonLSTMwasestablished.Dropouttechnologyisintroducedtothemodeltoavoidtheover-fittingcausedbymodelcomplexity.Secondly,theoriginaltriggerconductioncharacteristicparametersaredividedintomultiplesubsequencesbyslidingtimewindow,andthedependencebetweensequencesisintroduced,soastobettercapturethecharacteristicsandlawsinthedatasequence.Finally,theDropoutratio,thenumberofhiddenlayerunits,andthetimestepwereoptimizedtodecreaseRMSEandMAPEbetweenthemodelpredictedvalueandtheexperimentalvalue,ensuringthepredictionaccuracyofmodel.Theremainingtriggerlifetimepredictionerroriswithin10％,whichcanwellmeettherequirementsofgasswitchtriggerlifetimeprediction.
作者：董冰冰 陈子建Author：DongBingbing ChenZijian
作者单位：合肥工业大学电气与自动化工程学院合肥230009
刊名：电工技术学报 ISTICEIPKU
Journal：TransactionsofChinaElectrotechnicalSociety
年，卷(期)：2024, 39(13)
分类号：TM470
关键词：气体间隙开关 等离子体喷射 重复触发放电 烧蚀累积 寿命预测 配电网
Keywords：Gasgapswitch plasmajet repeatedtriggerdischarge ablationaccumulation lifetimesprediction distributionnetwork
机标分类号：TH133.33V430U414.18
在线出版日期：2024年7月22日
基金项目：中央高校基本科研业务费专项，国家自然科学基金配电网用气体间隙开关触发腔性能劣化进程及剩余寿命预测方法[
期刊论文] 电工技术学报--2024, 39(13)董冰冰 陈子建气体间隙开关重复触发动作导致其触发腔的机械性能、电气性能降低,在配电网快速控制与保护应用场景中的影响或将更加显著,亟须开展触发腔性能劣化及其寿命预测研究,为此搭建了气体间隙开关触发放电研究平台.研究结果表明...参考文献和引证文献
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关键词：气体间隙开关,等离子体喷射,重复触发放电,烧蚀累积,寿命预测,配电网,
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